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Height is measured from the level of the lowest, significant, open-air, pedestrian entrance to the highest point of the building, irrespective of material or function of the highest element (i.e., including antennae, flagpoles, signage and other functional-technical equipment).
Height is measured from the level of the lowest, significant, open-air, pedestrian entrance to the architectural top of the building, including spires, but not including antennae, signage, flag poles or other functional-technical equipment. This measurement is the most widely utilized and is employed to define the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) rankings of the "World's Tallest Buildings."
Height is measured from the level of the lowest, significant, open-air, pedestrian entrance to the highest occupied floor within the building.
The number of floors above ground should include the ground floor level and be the number of main floors above ground, including any significant mezzanine floors and major mechanical plant floors. Mechanical mezzanines should not be included if they have a significantly smaller floor area than the major floors below. Similarly, mechanical penthouses or plant rooms protruding above the general roof area should not be counted. Note: CTBUH floor counts may differ from published accounts, as it is common in some regions of the world for certain floor levels not to be included (e.g., the level 4, 14, 24, etc. in Hong Kong).
The number of floors below ground should include all major floors located below the ground floor level.
Changsha IFS Tower T1
Niccolo Changsha, Changsha International Finance Square Tower T1, Changsha Guojin Center Tower 1
Building
Completed
2018
hotel / office
composite
LEED
452.1 m / 1,483 ft
94
5
243
9 m/s
300,000 m² / 3,229,173 ft²
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Proposed
Construction Start
Completed
The Design Engineer is usually involved in the front end design, typically taking the leadership role in the Schematic Design and Design Development, and then a monitoring role through the CD and CA phases.
The Design Engineer is usually involved in the front end design, typically taking the leadership role in the Schematic Design and Design Development, and then a monitoring role through the CD and CA phases.
Other Consultant refers to other organizations which provided significant consultation services for a building project (e.g. wind consultants, environmental consultants, fire and life safety consultants, etc).
These are firms that consult on the design of a building's façade. May often be referred to as "Cladding," "Envelope," "Exterior Wall," or "Curtain Wall" Consultant, however, for consistency CTBUH uses the term "Façade Consultant" exclusively.
Material Supplier refers to organizations which supplied significant systems/materials for a building project (e.g. elevator suppliers, facade suppliers, etc).
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Usually involved in the front end design, with a "typical" condition being that of a leadership role through either Schematic Design or Design Development, and then a monitoring role through the CD and CA phases.
Usually takes on the balance of the architectural effort not executed by the "Design Architect," typically responsible for the construction documents, conforming to local codes, etc. May often be referred to as "Executive," "Associate," or "Local" Architect, however, for consistency CTBUH uses the term "Architect of Record" exclusively.
The Design Engineer is usually involved in the front end design, typically taking the leadership role in the Schematic Design and Design Development, and then a monitoring role through the CD and CA phases.
The Design Engineer is usually involved in the front end design, typically taking the leadership role in the Schematic Design and Design Development, and then a monitoring role through the CD and CA phases.
The main contractor is the supervisory contractor of all construction work on a project, management of sub-contractors and vendors, etc. May be referred to as "Construction Manager," however, for consistency CTBUH uses the term "Main Contractor" exclusively.
Other Consultant refers to other organizations which provided significant consultation services for a building project (e.g. wind consultants, environmental consultants, fire and life safety consultants, etc).
These are firms that consult on the design of a building's façade. May often be referred to as "Cladding," "Envelope," "Exterior Wall," or "Curtain Wall" Consultant, however, for consistency CTBUH uses the term "Façade Consultant" exclusively.
Material Supplier refers to organizations which supplied significant systems/materials for a building project (e.g. elevator suppliers, facade suppliers, etc).
CTBUH Releases Year in Review: Tall Trends of 2018
12 December 2018 - CTBUH News
Top Company Rankings: The World’s 100 Tallest Buildings
13 October 2016 - CTBUH Research
20 March 2020
Interactive Study on The Tallest 20 in 2020: Then and Now
CTBUH Research
This research paper undertakes a review of the 2012 report by the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat, “Tallest 20 in 2020: Entering the...
Ideally located in the prime area of Jiefang Road in Furong District, the Changsha IFS Tower T1 complex is well positioned to achieve its primary purpose of attracting a myriad of financial institutions based in Hunan Province. This twin-tower development is based on Harbour City, a hyper-connected retail development in Hong Kong. The Changsha complex will sport an underground network of linkages to a future interchange hub (Wuyi Plaza Station) for metro lines 1 and 2. The same underground passageway will connect with one of the busiest pedestrian streets in China — Huang Xing Pedestrian Shopping Street.
The development features two supertall skyscrapers, with Tower 1 rising 452 meters and Tower 2 rising 315 meters. The rectangular form of the glass-clad towers is neatly interrupted by a series of metal fins that add a hint of complexity to their appearance and reduce glare for the interior office spaces. Tower 1 features a crown that incrementally sets back by several meters at three points, downplaying its extreme height and cementing its relationship with the second tower. Like many towers that break the 400-meter barrier, reduced floor plate sizes at the top are best suited for hotel uses—with guest willing to pay a premium for accommodations at such heights.
At the base, a block-sized podium contains a mega mall of 230,000 square meters, generating triangulation between the office uses above and transportation infrastructure below. Changsha IFS Tower T1 also has 700 meters of retail street frontage, greater than that of its likeness, Harbour City. The retail mall, among the largest in Changsha and Central China, offer s amenities spanning entertainment, lifestyle, culture, and dining under one roof. This important shopping will provide critical activity to the larger development, and the district as a whole.
20 March 2020
Interactive Study on The Tallest 20 in 2020: Then and Now
This research paper undertakes a review of the 2012 report by the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat, “Tallest 20 in 2020: Entering the...
29 July 2019
Highest Special-Purpose Spaces
Since humans first began constructing tall buildings, history has been cluttered with claims of all manner of “highest” records. In this study, we examine those...
12 December 2018
Year in Review: Tall Trends of 2018
The astronomical growth in tall building construction observed over the past decade continued in 2018, though the total number of completed buildings of 200 meters’...
12 December 2018
The astronomical growth in tall building construction observed over the past decade continued in 2018, though the total number of completed buildings of 200 meters’ or greater height leveled off at 143, after hitting an all-time record of 147 in 2017.
13 October 2016
The Council is pleased to announce the Top Company Rankings for numerous disciplines as derived from the list of projects appearing in 100 of the World’s Tallest Buildings.
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