Singapore in the Context of Global Development
22 June 2016 - Event
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Height is measured from the level of the lowest, significant, open-air, pedestrian entrance to the architectural top of the building, including spires, but not including antennae, signage, flag poles or other functional-technical equipment. This measurement is the most widely utilized and is employed to define the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) rankings of the "World's Tallest Buildings."
Height is measured from the level of the lowest, significant, open-air, pedestrian entrance to the highest point of the building, irrespective of material or function of the highest element (i.e., including antennae, flagpoles, signage and other functional-technical equipment).
Height is measured from the level of the lowest, significant, open-air, pedestrian entrance to the architectural top of the building, including spires, but not including antennae, signage, flag poles or other functional-technical equipment. This measurement is the most widely utilized and is employed to define the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) rankings of the "World's Tallest Buildings."
Height is measured from the level of the lowest, significant, open-air, pedestrian entrance to the highest occupied floor within the building.
The number of floors above ground should include the ground floor level and be the number of main floors above ground, including any significant mezzanine floors and major mechanical plant floors. Mechanical mezzanines should not be included if they have a significantly smaller floor area than the major floors below. Similarly, mechanical penthouses or plant rooms protruding above the general roof area should not be counted. Note: CTBUH floor counts may differ from published accounts, as it is common in some regions of the world for certain floor levels not to be included (e.g., the level 4, 14, 24, etc. in Hong Kong).
The number of floors above ground should include the ground floor level and be the number of main floors above ground, including any significant mezzanine floors and major mechanical plant floors. Mechanical mezzanines should not be included if they have a significantly smaller floor area than the major floors below. Similarly, mechanical penthouses or plant rooms protruding above the general roof area should not be counted. Note: CTBUH floor counts may differ from published accounts, as it is common in some regions of the world for certain floor levels not to be included (e.g., the level 4, 14, 24, etc. in Hong Kong).
The current legal building name.
A complex is a group of buildings which are designed and built as pieces of a greater development.
CTBUH collects data on two major types of tall structures: 'Buildings' and 'Telecommunications / Observation Towers.' A 'Building' is a structure where at least 50% of the height is occupied by usable floor area. A 'Telecommunications / Observation Tower' is a structure where less than 50% of the structure's height is occupied by usable floor area. Only 'Buildings' are eligible for the CTBUH 'Tallest Buildings' lists.
The CTBUH follows the United Nations's definition of Country, and thus uses the lists and codes established by that organization.
The CTBUH follows the United Nations's definition of City, and thus uses the lists and codes established by that organization.
A single-function tall building is defined as one where 85% or more of its usable floor area is dedicated to a single usage. Thus a building with 90% office floor area would be said to be an "office" building, irrespective of other minor functions it may also contain.
A mixed-use tall building contains two or more functions (or uses), where each of the functions occupy a significant proportion of the tower's total space. Support areas such as car parks and mechanical plant space do not constitute mixed-use functions. Functions are denoted on CTBUH "Tallest Building" lists in descending order, e.g., "hotel/office" indicates hotel function above office function.
Steel
Both the main vertical/lateral structural elements and the floor spanning systems are constructed from steel. Note that a building of steel construction with a floor system of concrete planks or concrete slab on top of steel beams is still considered a “steel” structure as the concrete elements are not acting as the primary structure.
Reinforced Concrete
Both the main vertical/lateral structural elements and the floor spanning systems are constructed from concrete which has been cast in place and utilizes steel reinforcement bars.
Precast Concrete
Both the main vertical/lateral structural elements and the floor spanning system are constructed from steel reinforced concrete which has been precast as individual components and assembled together on-site.
Mixed-Structure
Utilizes distinct systems (e.g. steel, concrete, timber), one on top of the other. For example, a steel/concrete indicates a steel structural system located on top of a concrete structural system, with the opposite true of concrete/steel.
Composite
A combination of materials (e.g. steel, concrete, timber) are used together in the main structural elements. Examples include buildings which utilize: steel columns with a floor system of reinforced concrete beams; a steel frame system with a concrete core; concrete-encased steel columns; concrete-filled steel tubes; etc. Where known, the CTBUH database breaks out the materials used in a composite building’s core, columns, and floor spanning separately.
Height is measured from the level of the lowest, significant, open-air, pedestrian entrance to the architectural top of the building, including spires, but not including antennae, signage, flag poles or other functional-technical equipment. This measurement is the most widely utilized and is employed to define the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) rankings of the "World's Tallest Buildings."
The number of floors above ground should include the ground floor level and be the number of main floors above ground, including any significant mezzanine floors and major mechanical plant floors. Mechanical mezzanines should not be included if they have a significantly smaller floor area than the major floors below. Similarly, mechanical penthouses or plant rooms protruding above the general roof area should not be counted. Note: CTBUH floor counts may differ from published accounts, as it is common in some regions of the world for certain floor levels not to be included (e.g., the level 4, 14, 24, etc. in Hong Kong).
Number of Hotel Rooms refers to the total number of hotel rooms contained within a particular building.
Number of Parking Spaces refers to the total number of car parking spaces contained within a particular building.
Number of Elevators refers to the total number of elevator cars (not shafts) contained within a particular building (including public, private and freight elevators).
Tower GFA refers to the total gross floor area within the tower footprint, not including adjoining podiums, connected buildings or other towers within the development.
Proposed
Construction Start
Completed
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Acoustics
Landscape
LEED
Lighting
Quantity Surveyor
2013 CTBUH Awards
2015 CTBUH Awards
22 June 2016 - Event
03 November 2016 | Singapore
Dr. Cheong Koon Hean is an architect and urban planner who has been credited with shaping much of Singapore’s urban landscape. Throughout her career, she...
See more
04 February 2016
A growing number of tall buildings recognized by the CTBUH, through its international awards programs and research, are noteworthy not so much because of their...
See more
PARKROYAL on Pickering is a hotel in the midst of Singapore's high-density city center. A contoured podium responds to the street scale, drawing inspiration from terraformed landscapes, such as rice paddies. These contours create dramatic outdoor plazas and gardens, which flow seamlessly into the interiors. Greenery from nearby Hong Lim Park is drawn up into the building in the form of planted valleys, gullies and waterfalls.
The podium houses the above-ground car park, transforming it into a sculptural urban object: its roof becomes a lush landscaped terrace, housing the hotel’s recreational facilities, which include birdcage-shaped cabanas.
Above the podium the crisp and streamlined tower blocks harmonize with surrounding high-rise office buildings. They are attenuated into an open-sided courtyard configuration, breaking down the “wall of buildings” effect and maximizing views and daylight.
With the hotel-in-a-garden concept, the design team introduced extensive amounts of landscaping into the building. Multiple, extensive sky gardens are inserted along the façade, bringing lush greenery directly to the guestrooms and public areas. Corridors, lobbies and common washrooms are designed as garden spaces with stepping stones, planting and water features, which creates an alluring resort ambiance.
PARKROYAL on Pickering achieves an unprecedented amount of greenery and landscaping in a high-rise development, integrating them in innovative ways that address urban design and sustainability issues. There are 15,000 square meters of plantings, water features, waterfalls, terraces and green walls in the many sky gardens. In terms of scale, the landscaping amounts to 215 percent of the site area, showing that, even as our cities become taller and denser, we do not have to lose our green spaces.
The sky-rise landscapes are designed to be self-sustaining and rely minimally on precious resources. Roof surfaces collect rainwater for irrigation of the landscaping through gravity feeds. Collection tanks are sized to hold reserves and are supplemented with non-potable Newater (Singapore's recycled
wastewater) only during extended dry weather, which is rare in Singapore's tropical climate. A drip irrigation system is used to optimize water consumption. All landscape areas will also be fitted with rain sensors, which turn off irrigation when a minimum level of rain is detected. A 60kW peak photovoltaic cell array is placed on the roof, sufficient to power all the grow lamps and landscape feature lighting in the evening.
The hotel’s sustainable features mentioned above are estimated to offer a 30 percent energy savings in operation compared to a conventional building of the same scale. Singapore's Building & Construction Authority has awarded PARKROYAL on Pickering the Green Mark Platinum status, the nation’s highest environmental certification.
PARKROYAL on Pickering's vertical greening and elevated gardens demonstrate how we can not only conserve greenery in a built-up high-rise city center, but also multiply it vertically in a manner that is architecturally striking, integrated and sustainable.
2013 CTBUH Awards
2015 CTBUH Awards
03 November 2016 | Singapore
Dr. Cheong Koon Hean is an architect and urban planner who has been credited with shaping much of Singapore’s urban landscape. Throughout her career, she...
17 October 2016 | Singapore
This presentation proposes an alternative to the continuing implementation of unsustainable 20th century urban planning models. By using WOHA’s mini-city projects and proposals as prototypes...
17 October 2016 | Singapore
Monday, October 17, 2016. Shenzhen, China. long Xiu, Chairman, Architectural Society of China; Mun Summ Wong, Woha; Antony Wood, Executive Director, CTBUH answer questions at...
17 March 2016 | Singapore
Mun Summ Wong & Richard Hassell, WOHA Architects, discuss vertical greenery and PARKROYAL on Pickering, the 2015 CTBUH Urban Habitat Award Winner. View the extended...
12 November 2015 | Singapore
Nicholas E. Billotti, Chairman, Turner International, Michael George, Regional Director, JLL, Alberto Alarcon, Chief Executive Officer, HOLEDECK, Maria Ramirez, Managing Director, HOLEDECK, and Mun Summ...
12 November 2015 | Singapore
Mun Summ Wong, Founding Director, WOHA Architects, speaks at the 14th Annual Best Tall Building Symposium in a presentation entitled "Blurring the Boundary Between Building...
04 February 2016
A growing number of tall buildings recognized by the CTBUH, through its international awards programs and research, are noteworthy not so much because of their...
16 September 2014
The latest CTBUH technical guide, Green Walls in High-Rise Buildings, provides a thorough investigation of the methods used around the world for implementation of vertical...
14 September 2014
The survival of humanity on this planet relies on a radical repositioning of our cities. In the face of unprecedented global population growth, urbanization, pollution...
01 August 2009
High-rise, high-density living has been embraced as a positive accommodation solution for many millions of people living in Asia's growing urban metropolis. This paper outlines...
22 June 2016
Over 200 guests attended a discussion forum that took a critical look at the past, present, and future of skyscrapers in Singapore.
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