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The current legal building name.
CTBUH collects data on two major types of tall structures: 'Buildings' and 'Telecommunications / Observation Towers.' A 'Building' is a structure where at least 50% of the height is occupied by usable floor area. A 'Telecommunications / Observation Tower' is a structure where less than 50% of the structure's height is occupied by usable floor area. Only 'Buildings' are eligible for the CTBUH 'Tallest Buildings' lists.
The CTBUH follows the United Nations's definition of Country, and thus uses the lists and codes established by that organization.
The CTBUH follows the United Nations's definition of City, and thus uses the lists and codes established by that organization.
A single-function tall building is defined as one where 85% or more of its usable floor area is dedicated to a single usage. Thus a building with 90% office floor area would be said to be an "office" building, irrespective of other minor functions it may also contain.
A mixed-use tall building contains two or more functions (or uses), where each of the functions occupy a significant proportion of the tower's total space. Support areas such as car parks and mechanical plant space do not constitute mixed-use functions. Functions are denoted on CTBUH "Tallest Building" lists in descending order, e.g., "hotel/office" indicates hotel function above office function.
Steel
Both the main vertical/lateral structural elements and the floor spanning systems are constructed from steel. Note that a building of steel construction with a floor system of concrete planks or concrete slab on top of steel beams is still considered a “steel” structure as the concrete elements are not acting as the primary structure.
Reinforced Concrete
Both the main vertical/lateral structural elements and the floor spanning systems are constructed from concrete which has been cast in place and utilizes steel reinforcement bars.
Precast Concrete
Both the main vertical/lateral structural elements and the floor spanning system are constructed from steel reinforced concrete which has been precast as individual components and assembled together on-site.
Mixed-Structure
Utilizes distinct systems (e.g. steel, concrete, timber), one on top of the other. For example, a steel/concrete indicates a steel structural system located on top of a concrete structural system, with the opposite true of concrete/steel.
Composite
A combination of materials (e.g. steel, concrete, timber) are used together in the main structural elements. Examples include buildings which utilize: steel columns with a floor system of reinforced concrete beams; a steel frame system with a concrete core; concrete-encased steel columns; concrete-filled steel tubes; etc. Where known, the CTBUH database breaks out the materials used in a composite building’s core, columns, and floor spanning separately.
Height is measured from the level of the lowest, significant, open-air, pedestrian entrance to the architectural top of the building, including spires, but not including antennae, signage, flag poles or other functional-technical equipment. This measurement is the most widely utilized and is employed to define the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) rankings of the "World's Tallest Buildings."
The number of floors above ground should include the ground floor level and be the number of main floors above ground, including any significant mezzanine floors and major mechanical plant floors. Mechanical mezzanines should not be included if they have a significantly smaller floor area than the major floors below. Similarly, mechanical penthouses or plant rooms protruding above the general roof area should not be counted. Note: CTBUH floor counts may differ from published accounts, as it is common in some regions of the world for certain floor levels not to be included (e.g., the level 4, 14, 24, etc. in Hong Kong).
The number of floors below ground should include all major floors located below the ground floor level.
Number of Parking Spaces refers to the total number of car parking spaces contained within a particular building.
Number of Elevators refers to the total number of elevator cars (not shafts) contained within a particular building (including public, private and freight elevators).
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Elevator
16 September 2014 | Melbourne
Elevators are the most important service in modern high-rise buildings, occupying more space than any other service. With increasing land and construction costs and the...
16 September 2014
Elevators are the most important service in modern high-rise buildings, occupying more space than any other service. With increasing land and construction costs and the...
15 April 2020 | Melbourne
A skyscraper that was once the tallest office tower in the Southern Hemisphere has gotten some new investors. A joint venture of Dexus and Singapore’s...
When completed in 1986, Rialto Towers was the tallest office building in the Southern Hemisphere and was the first building to surpass the 200 meter threshold in Melbourne. The surrounding Rialto district was named in reference to the Venetian gothic architecture found on many of the 19th century buildings developed during the Melbourne gold rush. When the Rialto Towers was first planned in 1981, many of these older buildings from that period had already been demolished, leading to public outcry and the partial preservation of the remaining structures. The main footprint of the Rialto Towers is set into the middle and southern end of the block, preserving the scale of the historic streetscape along Collins Street. The building then rises from a podium base as two interlinked reinforced concrete towers, reaching 43 floors and 63 floors respectively.
The building rests upon 76 reinforced concrete caissons reaching up to 1.8 meters in diameter and 40 meters in below grade. The building’s concrete structure is composed of central service cores in each tower, with floor slabs spanning the distance between the core walls and the perimeter columns, proving for maximum flexibility with interior layouts. As the building approached 30 years in age, a new podium structure was designed and constructed around the base of the Rialto Towers and including a new interior atrium providing a new sheltered public space between the Collins Street sidewalks and the elevator lobbies of the office towers.
16 September 2014 | Melbourne
Elevators are the most important service in modern high-rise buildings, occupying more space than any other service. With increasing land and construction costs and the...
16 September 2014
Elevators are the most important service in modern high-rise buildings, occupying more space than any other service. With increasing land and construction costs and the...
15 April 2020 | Melbourne
A skyscraper that was once the tallest office tower in the Southern Hemisphere has gotten some new investors. A joint venture of Dexus and Singapore’s...
05 April 2019 | Melbourne
Malaysian development giant UEM Sunrise has topped out its Aurora project, an AU$770 million (US$ 547 million) skyscraper opposite Melbourne Central. The 88-story project, which...
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