Vertical Transportation: Ascent & Acceleration
12 September 2017 - CTBUH Research
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Merdeka PNB118
Kuala Lumpur
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Metrics
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Height
Height is measured from the level of the lowest, significant, open-air, pedestrian entrance to the architectural top of the building, including spires, but not including antennae, signage, flag poles or other functional-technical equipment. This measurement is the most widely utilized and is employed to define the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) rankings of the "World's Tallest Buildings."
1
To Tip:
Height is measured from the level of the lowest, significant, open-air, pedestrian entrance to the highest point of the building, irrespective of material or function of the highest element (i.e., including antennae, flagpoles, signage and other functional-technical equipment).
644 m
/ 2,113 ft
2
Architectural:
Height is measured from the level of the lowest, significant, open-air, pedestrian entrance to the architectural top of the building, including spires, but not including antennae, signage, flag poles or other functional-technical equipment. This measurement is the most widely utilized and is employed to define the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) rankings of the "World's Tallest Buildings."
644 m
/ 2,113 ft
3
Occupied:
Height is measured from the level of the lowest, significant, open-air, pedestrian entrance to the highest occupied floor within the building.
500 m / 1,640 ft
1
2
3
Floors
The number of floors above ground should include the ground floor level and be the number of main floors above ground, including any significant mezzanine floors and major mechanical plant floors. Mechanical mezzanines should not be included if they have a significantly smaller floor area than the major floors below. Similarly, mechanical penthouses or plant rooms protruding above the general roof area should not be counted. Note: CTBUH floor counts may differ from published accounts, as it is common in some regions of the world for certain floor levels not to be included (e.g., the level 4, 14, 24, etc. in Hong Kong).
Above Ground
The number of floors above ground should include the ground floor level and be the number of main floors above ground, including any significant mezzanine floors and major mechanical plant floors. Mechanical mezzanines should not be included if they have a significantly smaller floor area than the major floors below. Similarly, mechanical penthouses or plant rooms protruding above the general roof area should not be counted. Note: CTBUH floor counts may differ from published accounts, as it is common in some regions of the world for certain floor levels not to be included (e.g., the level 4, 14, 24, etc. in Hong Kong).
118
Below Ground
The number of floors below ground should include all major floors located below the ground floor level.
5
Height
644 m / 2,113 ft
Floors
118
Official Name
The current legal building name.
Merdeka PNB118
Other Names
Other names the building has commonly been known as, including former names, common informal names, local names, etc.
Heritage of Independence, KL118 Tower, Menara Warisan Merdeka, PNB Headquarters
Type
CTBUH collects data on two major types of tall structures: 'Buildings' and 'Telecommunications / Observation Towers.' A 'Building' is a structure where at least 50% of the height is occupied by usable floor area. A 'Telecommunications / Observation Tower' is a structure where less than 50% of the structure's height is occupied by usable floor area. Only 'Buildings' are eligible for the CTBUH 'Tallest Buildings' lists.
Building
Status
Completed
Architecturally Topped Out
Structurally Topped Out
Under Construction
Proposed
On Hold
Never Completed
Vision
Competition Entry
Canceled
Proposed Renovation
Under Renovation
Renovated
Under Demolition
Demolished
Structurally Topped Out, 2022
Country
The CTBUH follows the United Nations's definition of Country, and thus uses the lists and codes established by that organization.
City
The CTBUH follows the United Nations's definition of City, and thus uses the lists and codes established by that organization.
Address
Function
A single-function tall building is defined as one where 85% or more of its usable floor area is dedicated to a single usage. Thus a building with 90% office floor area would be said to be an "office" building, irrespective of other minor functions it may also contain.
A mixed-use tall building contains two or more functions (or uses), where each of the functions occupy a significant proportion of the tower's total space. Support areas such as car parks and mechanical plant space do not constitute mixed-use functions. Functions are denoted on CTBUH "Tallest Building" lists in descending order, e.g., "hotel/office" indicates hotel function above office function.
serviced apartments / hotel / office
Structural Material
Steel
Both the main vertical/lateral structural elements and the floor spanning systems are constructed from steel. Note that a building of steel construction with a floor system of concrete planks or concrete slab on top of steel beams is still considered a “steel” structure as the concrete elements are not acting as the primary structure.
Reinforced Concrete
Both the main vertical/lateral structural elements and the floor spanning systems are constructed from concrete which has been cast in place and utilizes steel reinforcement bars.
Precast Concrete
Both the main vertical/lateral structural elements and the floor spanning system are constructed from steel reinforced concrete which has been precast as individual components and assembled together on-site.
Mixed-Structure
Utilizes distinct systems (e.g. steel, concrete, timber), one on top of the other. For example, a steel/concrete indicates a steel structural system located on top of a concrete structural system, with the opposite true of concrete/steel.
Composite
A combination of materials (e.g. steel, concrete, timber) are used together in the main structural elements. Examples include buildings which utilize: steel columns with a floor system of reinforced concrete beams; a steel frame system with a concrete core; concrete-encased steel columns; concrete-filled steel tubes; etc. Where known, the CTBUH database breaks out the materials used in a composite building’s core, columns, and floor spanning separately.
composite
Core
Reinforced Concrete
Columns
Concrete Encased Steel
Floor Spanning
Steel
GBI Certified; LEED Certified
Height
Height is measured from the level of the lowest, significant, open-air, pedestrian entrance to the architectural top of the building, including spires, but not including antennae, signage, flag poles or other functional-technical equipment. This measurement is the most widely utilized and is employed to define the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) rankings of the "World's Tallest Buildings."
Architectural
644 m / 2,113 ft
To Tip
644 m / 2,113 ft
Occupied
500 m / 1,640 ft
Floors Above Ground
The number of floors above ground should include the ground floor level and be the number of main floors above ground, including any significant mezzanine floors and major mechanical plant floors. Mechanical mezzanines should not be included if they have a significantly smaller floor area than the major floors below. Similarly, mechanical penthouses or plant rooms protruding above the general roof area should not be counted. Note: CTBUH floor counts may differ from published accounts, as it is common in some regions of the world for certain floor levels not to be included (e.g., the level 4, 14, 24, etc. in Hong Kong).
118
Floors Below Ground
The number of floors below ground should include all major floors located below the ground floor level.
5
# of Apartments
Number of Apartments refers to the total number of residential units (including both rental units and condominiums) contained within a particular building.
30
# of Hotel Rooms
Number of Hotel Rooms refers to the total number of hotel rooms contained within a particular building.
202
# of Elevators
Number of Elevators refers to the total number of elevator cars (not shafts) contained within a particular building (including public, private and freight elevators).
87
10 m/s
Tower GFA
Tower GFA refers to the total gross floor area within the tower footprint, not including adjoining podiums, connected buildings or other towers within the development.
292,000 m² / 3,143,062 ft²
Construction Schedule
2010
Proposed
2014
Construction Start
2022
Completed
Developer
Architect
Structural Engineer
Contractor
Civil
Lighting
Stormwater Management
Vertical Transportation
Wind
Elevator
Formwork
Paint/Coating
Sealants
Steel
You must be a CTBUH Member to view this resource.
Developer
Architect
Fender Katsalidis Architects; RSP Architects Planners & Engineers; G.A. Brand Design
Structural Engineer
MEP Engineer
KTA Tenaga Sdn Bhd
Contractor
UEM Sunrise Berhad; Samsung C&T Corporation
Civil
Landscape
Pentago Landscape Sdn Bhd
Lighting
Marketing
Wordsearch
Stormwater Management
Sustainability
Terrapin Bright Green
Vertical Transportation
Way Finding
G.A. Brand Design
Wind
Elevator
Formwork
Paint/Coating
Sealants
Steel
Videos
22 May 2018 | Kuala Lumpur
Karl Fender, founding partner at Fender Katsalidis, sat down with CTBUH to discuss a number of his firm's projects, including the PNB 118 Tower in...
Research
28 December 2019
Aerodynamic damping through the use of vertical long slots reduces the dynamic component of the wind loads on the building. Seminal examples include the three-legged...
Global News
08 May 2020 | Kuala Lumpur
Construction work at Permodalan Nasional Bhd’s (PNB) Merdeka 118 has been delayed by roughly two to three months due to restrictive measures taken to curb...
Videos
22 May 2018 | Kuala Lumpur
Karl Fender, founding partner at Fender Katsalidis, sat down with CTBUH to discuss a number of his firm's projects, including the PNB 118 Tower in...
31 October 2017 | Kuala Lumpur
Karl Fender of Fender Katsalidis Architects is interviewed by Chris Bentley during the 2017 CTBUH Australia Conference.
18 October 2016 | Kuala Lumpur
Hashimah Hashim of KLCC Property Holdings Berhad is interviewed by Chris Bentley during the 2016 CTBUH China Conference. Hashimah discusses the master planning and development...
17 October 2016 | Kuala Lumpur
Monday October 17, 2016. Shenzhen, China. Karl Fender, Fender Katsalidis Architects, presents at the 2016 China Conference Session 4b: Other Asia Case Studies. Tall buildings...
17 October 2016 | Kuala Lumpur
Monday, October 18, 2016. Shenzhen, China. Kipsan Beck of MahaNakhon, PACE and Karl Fender, of Fender Katsalidis Architects, answer questions at the end of 2016...
16 October 2016 | Kuala Lumpur
Abrar Sheriff of Turner International is interviewed by Chris Bentley during the 2016 CTBUH China Conference. Abrar discusses the planning and construction process for supertall...
Research
28 December 2019
Aerodynamic damping through the use of vertical long slots reduces the dynamic component of the wind loads on the building. Seminal examples include the three-legged...
17 October 2016
The CTBUH 2016 International Conference is being held in the three cities of the Pearl River Delta, the world’s largest “megacity,” projected to have 120...
17 October 2016
In the construction of tall towers a variety of pile testing methodologies are used. Piles can be tested for many purposes including the optimization of...
17 October 2016
Tall buildings embody objectives ranging from pure business to nation building. The KL118 Tower in particular represents these objectives and more as it successfully knits...
31 December 2014
An All-Time Record 97 Buildings of 200 Meters or Higher Completed in 2014 and 2014 showed further shifts towards Asia, and also surprising developments in...
Global News
08 May 2020 | Kuala Lumpur
Construction work at Permodalan Nasional Bhd’s (PNB) Merdeka 118 has been delayed by roughly two to three months due to restrictive measures taken to curb...
CTBUH Initiatives
Filter by
12 September 2017
Vertical Transportation: Ascent & Acceleration
CTBUH partnered with Guinness World Records to identify the commercial building with the fastest elevator speeds and longest vertical runs.
18 August 2017
Skyscraper Summit Warms Sydney Up for CTBUH 2017
A joint venture between the Urban Taskforce and CTBUH delivered a successful “warm-up” event in advance of the CTBUH 2017 Conference in Australia on August 18, 2017.
31 December 2014
An All-Time Record 97 Buildings of 200 Meters or Higher Completed in 2014 and 2014 showed further shifts towards Asia, and also surprising developments in building functions and structural materials.
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